- Title
- A Novel Single-Word Speech Recognition on Embedded Systems Using a Convolution Neuron Network with Improved Out-of-Distribution Detection
- Creator
- Chen, Jiaqi; Teo, Tee Hui; Kok, Chiang Liang; Koh, Yit Yan
- Relation
- Electronics Vol. 13, Issue 3, no. 530
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13030530
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2024
- Description
- Advancements in AI have elevated speech recognition, with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) proving effective in processing spectrogram-transformed speech signals. CNNs, with lower parameters and higher accuracy compared to traditional models, are particularly efficient for deployment on storage-limited embedded devices. Artificial neural networks excel in predicting inputs within their expected output range but struggle with anomalies. This is usually harmful to a speech recognition system. In this paper, the neural network classifier for speech recognition is trained with a “negative branch” method, incorporating directional regularization with out-of-distribution training data, allowing it to maintain a high confidence score to the input within distribution while expressing a low confidence score to the anomaly input. It can enhance the performance of anomaly detection of the classifier, addressing issues like misclassifying the speech command that is out of the distribution. The result of the experiment suggests that the accuracy of the CNN model will not be affected by the regularization of the “negative branch”, and the performance of abnormal detection will be improved as the number of kernels of the convolutional layer increases.
- Subject
- speech recognition; convolutional neuron network; embedded AI; abnormal detection
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1507543
- Identifier
- uon:56029
- Identifier
- ISSN:2079-9292
- Rights
- © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
- Language
- eng
- Full Text
- Reviewed
- Hits: 1454
- Visitors: 1442
- Downloads: 10
| Thumbnail | File | Description | Size | Format | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| View Details Download | ATTACHMENT02 | Publisher version (open access) | 5 MB | Adobe Acrobat PDF | View Details Download |