- Title
- Enhancing nickel grade and recovery with counter-current washing of the concentrated bubbly-zone of a single stage REFLUX™ Flotation Cell
- Creator
- Wang, Peipei; Yvon, Meolla; Parkes, Siân; Galvin, Kevin P.
- Relation
- ARC.CE200100009 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/arc/CE200100009
- Relation
- Minerals Engineering Vol. 206, Issue January 2024, no. 108506
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2023.108506
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2024
- Description
- The recovery and concentration of the nickel sulphide mineral, pentlandite, present several challenges due to its relatively slow flotation, leading to excessive hydrophilic gangue minerals in the concentrate. The REFLUX™ Flotation Cell (RFC™) offers the potential for a significant hydrodynamic advantage over conventional flotation. Much of this advantage is due to the replacement of the pulp and froth phases with a concentrated bubbly zone, which in turn supports more intense counter-current washing by permitting a powerful and effective positive bias flux. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the nickel recovery and silica rejection in the RFC™, by applying a wide range of positive bias fluxes. The focus was on a single stage of separation in the RFC™ using a feed flux of 0.63 cm/s at a feed nickel grade of 2.1%. At the lowest bias flux of 0.1 cm/s, a nickel grade of 7.5% was obtained at a single stage recovery of 70.2%. By increasing the bias flux to 0.42 cm/s, the grade increased to 9.7% but the recovery fell to 64.9%. With an extreme bias flux of 1.04 cm/s, the grade reached 12.3%, while the recovery fell to 54.7%. The selectivity, given by the nickel recovery relative to the silica recovery, was estimated to be 121 at the highest bias flux, declining sharply with a reduction in the bias flux. The performance ratio proposed by Parkes et al (2022) was quantified by comparing the RFC™ performance with the batch kinetic results from a mechanical cell, the product grade being ∼7%. The performance ratio was based on the experiment at the lowest bias flux used in the RFC™, and found to be at least 6, meaning the RFC™ footprint would be reduced by a factor of ∼6 for a similar product grade. Based on the higher product grades achieved in the RFC™ using the higher positive bias fluxes, the performance ratio would likely exceed 10-fold given the need for the mechanical cell concentrate to undergo at least one further stage of flotation.
- Subject
- REFLUX™ Flotation Cell; nickel; counter-current washing; bias flux; selectivity; performance ratio
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1497391
- Identifier
- uon:54340
- Identifier
- ISSN:0892-6875
- Rights
- © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
- Language
- eng
- Full Text
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