- Title
- Superior immunogenicity of mRNA over adenoviral vectored COVID-19 vaccines reflects B cell dynamics independent of anti-vector immunity: Implications for future pandemic vaccines
- Creator
- Liu, Yi; Sánchez-Ovando, Stephany; Dougherty, Sonia; Hagenauer, Michelle; Riley, Kathryn E.; Jadhav, Ajay; Harvey, Joanne; Kaiser, Marti; Mathew, Suja; Hodgson, David; Leung, Vivian; Subbarao, Kanta; Carolan, Louise; Cheng, Allen C.; Macartney, K; Koirala, A; Marshall, H; Clark, J; Blyth, CC; Wark, Peter; Kucharski, AJ; Sullivan, SG; Fox, A; Dowson, Leslie; Khvorov, Arseniy; Jessica Hadiprodjo, A.; Tseng, Yeu Yang; Delahunty, Catherine; Khatami, Ameneh; Macnish, Marion
- Relation
- Vaccine Vol. 41, Issue 48, p. 7192-7200
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.10.034
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2023
- Description
- Both vector and mRNA vaccines were an important part of the response to the COVID-19 pandemic and may be required in future outbreaks and pandemics. The aim of this study was to validate whether immunogenicity differs for adenoviral vectored (AdV) versus mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, and to investigate how anti-vector immunity and B cell dynamics modulate immunogenicity. We enrolled SARS-CoV-2 infection-naïve health care workers who had received two doses of either AdV AZD1222 (n = 184) or mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine (n = 274) between April and October 2021. Blood was collected at least once, 10–48 days after vaccine dose 2 for antibody and B cell analyses. Median ages were 42 and 39 years, for AdV and mRNA vaccinees, respectively. Surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) and spike binding antibody titres were a median of 4.2 and 2.2 times lower, respectively, for AdV compared to mRNA vaccinees (p < 0.001). Median percentages of memory B cells that recognized fluorescent-tagged spike and RBD were 2.9 and 8.3 times lower, respectively for AdV compared to mRNA vaccinees. Titres of IgG reactive with human adenovirus type 5 hexon protein rose a median of 2.2-fold after AdV vaccination but were not correlated with anti-spike antibody titres. Together the results show that mRNA induced substantially more sVNT antibody than AdV vaccine, which reflected greater B cell expansion and targeting of the RBD rather than an attenuating effect of anti-vector antibodies. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05110911.
- Subject
- COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; vaccine; vector; mRNA; antibody; SDG 3; Sustainable Development Goals
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1497023
- Identifier
- uon:54275
- Identifier
- ISSN:0264-410X
- Rights
- x
- Language
- eng
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