- Title
- Nanobiochar-rhizosphere interactions: Implications for the remediation of heavy-metal contaminated soils
- Creator
- Zhang, Xiaokai; Wells, Mona; Niazi, Nabeel Khan; Bolan, Nanthi; Shaheen, Sabry; Hou, Deyi; Gao, Bin; Wang, Hailong; Rinklebe, Jorg; Wang, Zhenyu
- Relation
- Environmental Pollution Vol. 299, Issue 15 April 2022, no. 118810
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118810
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2022
- Description
- Soil heavy metal contamination has increasingly become a serious environmental issue globally, nearing crisis proportions. There is an urgent need to find environmentally friendly materials to remediate heavy-metal contaminated soils. With the continuing maturation of research on using biochar (BC) for the remediation of contaminated soil, nano-biochar (nano-BC), which is an important fraction of BC, has gradually attracted increasing attention. Compared with BC, nano-BC has unique and useful properties for soil remediation, including a high specific surface area and hydrodynamic dispersivity. The efficacy of nano-BC for immobilization of non-degradable heavy-metal contaminants in soil systems, however, is strongly affected by plant rhizosphere processes, and there is very little known about the role that nano-BC play in these processes. The rhizosphere represents a dynamically complex soil environment, which, although having a small thickness, drives potentially large materials fluxes into and out of plants, notably agricultural foodstuffs, via large diffusive gradients. This article provides a critical review of over 140 peer-reviewed papers regarding nano-BC-rhizosphere interactions and the implications for the remediation of heavy-metal contaminated soils. We conclude that, when using nano-BC to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soil, the relationship between nano-BC and rhizosphere needs to be considered. Moreover, the challenges to extending our knowledge regarding the environmental risk of using nano-BC for remediation, as well as further research needs, are identified.
- Subject
- biochar; nanoparticles; rhizosphere behaviour; immobilization; root exudates; environmental risk
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1465678
- Identifier
- uon:47339
- Identifier
- ISSN:0269-7491
- Language
- eng
- Reviewed
- Hits: 2096
- Visitors: 2093
- Downloads: 0