- Title
- Hydrodeoxygenation of guiacol over ion-exchanged ruthenium ZSM-5 and BEA zeolites
- Creator
- Yan, Penghui; Kennedy, Eric; Stockenhuber, Michael
- Relation
- ARC
- Relation
- Journal of Catalysis Vol. 396, Issue April 2021, p. 157-165
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2021.02.013
- Publisher
- Academic Press
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2021
- Description
- Ion exchanged Ru/ZSM-5 and Ru/BEA catalysts, prepared by replacing the extra framework NH4+ cations in zeolites with Ru3+ ions, are employed for the hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol. The performance results indicate ion-exchanged Ru zeolites, with extremely low Ru contents (~0.2 wt%), possess a high intrinsic HDO activity compared to the catalysts prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method. On the basis of TEM, FTIR, XPS and TPD analysis, the NH4+ ions in zeolite were substituted by Ru species, with metal particles entered the zeolite cages and finely dispersed on the support. These ion-exchanged Ru particles exhibit a strong electronic interaction with oxygen atoms of zeolite framework with a mixed Ru(0)-Ru(III) species observed in the reduced samples. In contrast, only Ru0 was detected in the reduced impregnated Ru/ZSM-5. The partial-reduced Ru species over the ion-exchanged Ru/ZSM-5 catalyst shows a high H2 adsorption activity facilitating the hydrogenation of guaiacol to the saturated products (such as 2-methoxycyclohexanol). In addition, ion-exchanged Ru-ZSM-5 and Ru-BEA catalysts present a similar normalized cyclohexane formation rate (based on the concentration of acid sites), suggesting the acid sites play a pivotal role in the deoxygenation of 2-methoxycyclohexanol to cyclohexane.
- Subject
- ruthenium; ion exchange; hydrodeoxygenation; guaiacol
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1433373
- Identifier
- uon:39234
- Identifier
- ISSN:0021-9517
- Language
- eng
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