- Title
- DHA-enriched fish oil reduces insulin resistance in overweight and obese adults
- Creator
- Abbott, K. A.; Burrows, T. L.; Acharya, S.; Thota, R. N.; Garg, M. L.
- Relation
- Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids Vol. 159, Issue August 2020, no. 102154
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102154
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2020
- Description
- Adipose tissue inflammation is major factor in the development of insulin resistance (IR). Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn-3PUFA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are anti-inflammatory bioactive lipids, thus may protect against type 2 diabetes (T2D) development. Previous research has demonstrated a sex-dependent association between LCn-3PUFA and T2D, and evidence suggests LCn-3PUFA may improve IR in a sex-dependent manner. This double-blind, randomized, parallel-arm placebo-controlled study aimed to determine whether DHA-enriched fish oil (FO) supplementation improves IR. Sex-dependent effects were assessed by testing for an interaction between sex and treatment in the multiple regression models. Men and women with abdominal obesity (waist circumference: males, ≥102 cm; females, ≥88 cm) and without diabetes were recruited from the community. Participants (age: 50.9 ± 12.7 years, female: 63.7%, BMI: 32.4 ± 6.6 kg/m2) were randomly allocated to either 2 g FO (860 mg DHA + 120 mg EPA) (intervention, n = 38) or 2 g corn oil (CO) /day (control, n = 35) for 12 weeks in a double-blind randomised controlled trial. A fasting blood sample was collected at 0 and 12 weeks for assessment of IR, glucose and blood lipid profile. Sixty-eight participants completed the intervention. Compared with CO (n = 32), FO (n = 36) significantly reduced fasting insulin by -1.62 μIU/L (95%CI: -2.99, -0.26,) (p = 0.021) and HOMA-IR by -0.40 units (95%CI: -0.78, -0.02, p = 0.038). Higher insulin and HOMA-IR at baseline were associated with greater reductions in the FO group (p < 0.001). There was no interaction between sex and treatment for the change in insulin (p-interactionsex*treatment = 0.816) or HOMA-IR (p-interactionsex*treatment = 0.825). DHA-enriched FO reduces IR in adults with abdominal obesity, however, sex-dependent differences were not evident in this study.
- Subject
- omega-3; polyunsaturated fatty acids; docosahexaenoic acid; insulin resistance; obesity; diabetes; SDG 3; Sustainable Development Goals
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1433124
- Identifier
- uon:39169
- Identifier
- ISSN:0952-3278
- Language
- eng
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