- Title
- Intimate partner violence during pregnancy in Eastern Ethiopia: prevalence, attitudes, associated factors and adverse outcomes
- Creator
- Seid, Abdulbasit Musa
- Relation
- University of Newcastle Research Higher Degree Thesis
- Resource Type
- thesis
- Date
- 2021
- Description
- Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
- Description
- Background: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) affects one in three women in the world. IPV that occurs during pregnancy poses a risk to the health of both the mother and child. Although previous studies have indicated that IPV contributes to maternal and child morbidities and mortalities by limiting women’s ability to receive maternal health care services, some studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the effect of IPV on maternal health care services utilization. Ethiopia has high maternal and child mortality and morbidity and low utilization of maternal health care services. Understanding the link between IPV and maternal health care service utilization is important to design strategies that improve maternal health care services in a country like Ethiopia. Furthermore, in Ethiopia generally and in the Harari region specifically, evidence regarding IPV during pregnancy and its relationship with preterm and low birth weight is limited. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate IPV during pregnancy and its effect on maternal health care services use and neonatal outcomes. Methods: To determine the association between IPV and maternal health care services utilization, a systematic review and meta-analyses were conducted. To investigate IPV prevalence, associated factors, and the effect of IPV on adverse neonatal outcomes, a cross-sectional study was conducted. In this cross-sectional study, 648 eligible women completed an interviewer-administered hospital-based survey. Both binary logistic regression and multiple logistic regression analyses were carried out to measure associations. Details about the method section is presented in Chapter 4. Results: The findings from the cross-sectional study indicated that 39.8% of women had experienced IPV (as described in Chapter 5), and 68.7% of all women surveyed perceived that IPV might be justified under certain circumstances (as described in Chapter 6). Longer duration of marriage, most recent pregnancy being unplanned, experiencing controlling behaviour by a partner, and perceiving that intimate partner violence might be justified were associated with experiencing IPV. Furthermore, being Muslim, experiencing IPV and having a lower level of education were associated with perceiving that IPV might be justified. Moreover, women who experienced any IPV during pregnancy were more likely to give birth prematurely and have a low birth weight infant relative to women who did not experience IPV during pregnancy (as presented in Chapter 7). The findings from the meta-analyses also indicated that those who experienced IPV had decreased odds of using antenatal care and skilled delivery care compared to those who did not experience IPV (as presented in Chapter 3). Conclusion: The prevalence of IPV during pregnancy is high, and the perception that IPV is justified is common in eastern Ethiopia. IPV is associated with low utilization of maternal health care services and adverse neonatal outcomes. In addressing IPV, changing social norms that condone violence through improving women's education and promoting gender equality through advocacy and awareness creation campaigns using religious leaders should be considered to bring the change in attitudes towards IPV. Furthermore, improving women’s economic empowerment and providing culturally sensitive reproductive health services that control fertility without risking women to violence could help in the efforts that aim to prevent IPV. In addition, the need for including IPV prevention as an important strategy to reduce child mortality and morbidity should be considered. Screening pregnant women for IPV and providing support to women who have experienced violence could help reduce the adverse effects of IPV on neonatal outcomes in eastern Ethiopia.
- Subject
- domestic violence; pregnanacy; associated factors; neonatal outcomes; Ethiopia
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1432864
- Identifier
- uon:39124
- Rights
- Copyright 2021 Abdulbasit Musa Seid
- Language
- eng
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| Thumbnail | File | Description | Size | Format | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| View Details Download | ATTACHMENT01 | Thesis | 16 MB | Adobe Acrobat PDF | View Details Download | ||
| View Details Download | ATTACHMENT02 | Abstract | 341 KB | Adobe Acrobat PDF | View Details Download |