- Title
- 5G-based communication system for future vehicular ad-hoc network
- Creator
- Gupta, Shashank Kumar
- Relation
- University of Newcastle Research Higher Degree Thesis
- Resource Type
- thesis
- Date
- 2021
- Description
- Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
- Description
- With the increasing vehicular traffic volume and congestions on urban roads and highways, the journey time and road accidents are increasing. This has prompted automobile industries and traffic regulatory authorities to develop a new road traffic management architecture using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) systems. With the expected introduction of autonomous vehicles in the next decade, it will be imperative for road traffic authorities to develop strategies to support Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication infrastructure. Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) provides an excellent framework for integrating information and communication technology with the transport infrastructure. The integrated system could improve vehicular safety, and traffic efficiency by reducing road accidents and traffic congestion. The major issue related to such an advanced system is how to meet the strict latency and robustness requirements of V2X applications in the presence of varying traffic load, high speed vehicles, and different road structure such as city roads and highways. Most of the work has been done to support vehicular networking is currently focused on the IEEE 802.11p and 4G-based-LTE standards. However, due to medium access control rules and limited mobility support of the IEEE 802.11p standard, it is challenging to obtain stringent delay requirements, particularly in a high-density scenario. Due to the centralized architecture, an LTE-based system does not natively support direct V2V connectivity. Instead, it is necessary for messages to be passed through an infrastructure node in the core network. Therefore, the capability of these standard technologies is doubtful to cope with the scalability and the reliability at the radio access level. Recently, the 3GPP has introduced a new LTE standard known as C-V2X to support V2X communications. Compared to the IEEE 802.11p standard, C-V2X is a less studied technology. Due to the co-existence of LTE-D2D communication and normal LTE, it introduces some design challenges such as resource management among D2D and regular LTE users, efficient and fast D2D peer discovery model, transmission power control to avoid collisions and interference between D2D and regular LTE users. In this research, a cluster-based C-V2X architecture has been developed and evaluated to support time-critical vehicular safety applications in an efficient and cost-effective manner. Specifically, safety applications require two types of message transmissions; namely, periodic Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAMs) and Decentralized Environment Notification Messages (DENMs). A new D2D peer discovery model and resource distribution technique are proposed to reduce peer discovery delay, control signalling overhead, and to support the higher vehicle densities. The proposed peer discovery model reduces the signaling overhead and end-to-end latency with awareness of proximity (i.e., list of neighboring vehicles in the proximity) utilizing the Global Positioning System (GPS) information. Using the above techniques the vehicles discover each other within the minimum delay requirement for safety message transmissions. Proposed cluster-based round-robin scheduling technique keeps the resource utilization at a minimum level so that conventional mobile networking services can efficiently share the transmission resources. To efficiently transmit the periodic CAM in a multi-path fading scenario, direct inter-cluster communication adaptive transmission power assignment schemes are proposed. Both schemes are combined to improve the CAM packet success rate for a highway safety message distribution system. A new CAM message structure is also introduced to support the proposed power control algorithm. To efficiently transmit the DENM warning messages, two cluster-based multi-hop communication protocols are proposed. Both protocols use a time slot reservation technique where a separate side link channel time slot will be reserved for the warning message transmission. The proposed protocol is shown to achieve a quicker notification of the warning messages with fewer transmissions as well as a higher reception rate for the safety messages. The performance of proposed protocols is analyzed in both city and highway scenarios. The thesis further proposes a prediction-based protocol to improve the reliability of CAM safety messages transmission in different road structures such as highways with entry and exits roads. The proposed protocol offers a new procedure for trajectory prediction to assist cluster formation and reformation procedures. In this thesis, the performance of the proposed solutions is examined utilizing an OMNeT++ based simulation models using SimuLTE, SUMO, Veins and OpenCv2x mode 4.
- Subject
- clustering; LTE-D2D; CAM; single-hop; mode 3 resource allocation; multi-hop; LTE-V2V; C-V2X; safety application; vehicle discovery; vehicular ad hoc network; DENM; multicast; transmission power control
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1427543
- Identifier
- uon:38546
- Rights
- Copyright 2021 Shashank Kumar Gupta
- Language
- eng
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| Thumbnail | File | Description | Size | Format | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| View Details Download | ATTACHMENT01 | Thesis | 11 MB | Adobe Acrobat PDF | View Details Download | ||
| View Details Download | ATTACHMENT02 | Abstract | 246 KB | Adobe Acrobat PDF | View Details Download |