- Title
- An in vivo examination of the differences between rapid cardiovascular collapse and prolonged hypotension induced by snake venom
- Creator
- Kakumanu, Rahini; Kemp-Harper, Barbara K.; Silva, Anjana; Kuruppu, Sanjaya; Isbister, Geoffrey K.; Hodgson, Wayne C.
- Relation
- NHMRC.1061041 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1061041 | NHMRC|1110343 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1061041
- Relation
- Scientific Reports Vol. 9, no. 20231
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56643-0
- Publisher
- Nature Publishing Group
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2019
- Description
- We investigated the cardiovascular effects of venoms from seven medically important species of snakes: Australian Eastern Brown snake (Pseudonaja textilis), Sri Lankan Russell's viper (Daboia russelii), Javanese Russell's viper (D. siamensis), Gaboon viper (Bitis gabonica), Uracoan rattlesnake (Crotalus vegrandis), Carpet viper (Echis ocellatus) and Puff adder (Bitis arietans), and identified two distinct patterns of effects: i.e. rapid cardiovascular collapse and prolonged hypotension. P. textilis (5 μg/kg, i.v.) and E. ocellatus (50 μg/kg, i.v.) venoms induced rapid (i.e. within 2 min) cardiovascular collapse in anaesthetised rats. P. textilis (20 mg/kg, i.m.) caused collapse within 10 min. D. russelii (100 µg/kg, i.v.) and D. siamensis (100 μg/kg, i.v.) venoms caused 'prolonged hypotension', characterised by a persistent decrease in blood pressure with recovery. D. russelii venom (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, i.m.) also caused prolonged hypotension. A priming dose of P. textilis venom (2 μg/kg, i.v.) prevented collapse by E. ocellatus venom (50 μg/kg, i.v.), but had no significant effect on subsequent addition of D. russelii venom (1 mg/kg, i.v). Two priming doses (1 μg/kg, i.v.) of E. ocellatus venom prevented collapse by E. ocellatus venom (50 μg/kg, i.v.). B. gabonica, C. vegrandis and B. arietans (all at 200 μg/kg, i.v.) induced mild transient hypotension. Artificial respiration prevented D. russelii venom induced prolonged hypotension but not rapid cardiovascular collapse from E. ocellatus venom. D. russelii venom (0.001-1 μg/ml) caused concentration-dependent relaxation (EC₅₀ = 82.2 ± 15.3 ng/ml, Rmax = 91 ± 1%) in pre-contracted mesenteric arteries. In contrast, E. ocellatus venom (1 μg/ml) only produced a maximum relaxant effect of 27 ± 14%, suggesting that rapid cardiovascular collapse is unlikely to be due to peripheral vasodilation. The prevention of rapid cardiovascular collapse, by 'priming' doses of venom, supports a role for depletable endogenous mediators in this phenomenon.
- Subject
- snake venoms; cardiovascular effects; snakes; toxins
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1413719
- Identifier
- uon:36665
- Identifier
- ISSN:2045-2322
- Rights
- © The Author(s) 2019 This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
- Language
- eng
- Full Text
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