- Title
- Prevalence of celiac disease in 52,721 youth with type 1 diabetes: international comparison across three continents
- Creator
- Craig, Maria E.; Prinz, Nicole; DuBose, Stephanie; Thornton, Helen; King, Bruce; Maahs, David M.; Holl, Reinhard W.; Warner, Justin T.; Boyle, Claire T.; Campbell, Fiona M.; Jones, Timothy W.; Hofer, Sabine E.; Simmons, Jill H.; Holman, Naomi; Tham, Elaine; Fröhlich-Reiterer, Elke
- Relation
- ARC & NHMRC.1045777 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1045777
- Relation
- Diabetes Care Vol. 40, Issue 8, p. 1034-1040
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc16-2508
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2017
- Description
- Objective: Celiac disease (CD) has a recognized association with type 1 diabetes. We examined international differences in CD prevalence and clinical characteristics of youth with coexisting type 1 diabetes and CD versus type 1 diabetes only. Research design and methods: Data sources were as follows: the Prospective Diabetes Follow-up Registry (DPV) (Germany/Austria); the T1D Exchange Clinic Network (T1DX) (U.S.); the National Paediatric Diabetes Audit (NPDA) (U.K. [England/Wales]); and the Australasian Diabetes Data Network (ADDN) (Australia). The analysis included 52,721 youths <18 years of age with a clinic visit between April 2013 and March 2014. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were constructed to analyze the relationship between outcomes (HbA1c, height SD score [SDS], overweight/obesity) and type 1 diabetes/CD versus type 1 diabetes, adjusting for sex, age, and diabetes duration. Results: Biopsy-confirmed CD was present in 1,835 youths (3.5%) and was diagnosed at a median age of 8.1 years (interquartile range 5.3–11.2 years). Diabetes duration at CD diagnosis was <1 year in 37% of youths, >1–2 years in 18% of youths, >3–5 years in 23% of youths, and >5 years in 17% of youths. CD prevalence ranged from 1.9% in the T1DX to 7.7% in the ADDN and was higher in girls than boys (4.3% vs. 2.7%, P < 0.001). Children with coexisting CD were younger at diabetes diagnosis compared with those with type 1 diabetes only (5.4 vs. 7.0 years of age, P < 0.001) and fewer were nonwhite (15 vs. 18%, P < 0.001). Height SDS was lower in those with CD (0.36 vs. 0.48, adjusted P < 0.001) and fewer were overweight/obese (34 vs. 37%, adjusted P < 0.001), whereas mean HbA1c values were comparable: 8.3 ± 1.5% (67 ± 17 mmol/mol) versus 8.4 ± 1.6% (68 ± 17 mmol/mol). Conclusions: CD is a common comorbidity in youth with type 1 diabetes. Differences in CD prevalence may reflect international variation in screening and diagnostic practices, and/or CD risk. Although glycemic control was not different, the lower height SDS supports close monitoring of growth and nutrition in this population.
- Subject
- celiac disease; type 1 diabetes; data analysis
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1352895
- Identifier
- uon:30983
- Identifier
- ISSN:0149-5992
- Language
- eng
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