- Title
- Mechanisms of SR calcium release in healthy and failing human hearts
- Creator
- Walweel, K.; Laver, D. R.
- Relation
- NHMRC.631052 http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/631052
- Relation
- Biophysical Reviews Vol. 7, Issue 1, p. 33-41
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12551-014-0152-4
- Publisher
- Springer
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2015
- Description
- Normal heart contraction and rhythm relies on the proper flow of calcium ions (Ca2+) into cardiac cells and between their intracellular organelles, and any disruption can lead to arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. Electrical excitation of the surface membrane activates voltage-dependent L-type Ca2+ channels to open and allow Ca2+ to enter the cytoplasm. The subsequent increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration activates calcium release channels (RyR2) located at specialised Ca2+ release sites in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), which serves as an intracellular Ca2+ store. Animal models have provided valuable insights into how intracellular Ca2+ transport mechanisms are altered in human heart failure. The aim of this review is to examine how Ca2+ release sites are remodelled in heart failure and how this affects intracellular Ca2+ transport with an emphasis on Ca2+ release mechanisms in the SR. Current knowledge on how heart failure alters the regulation of RyR2 by Ca2+ and Mg2+ and how these mechanisms control the activity of RyR2 in the confines of the Ca2+ release sites is reviewed.
- Subject
- ryanodine receptor; heart failure; calcium signalling; calcium release units; single channel recordings
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1335633
- Identifier
- uon:27466
- Identifier
- ISSN:1867-2450
- Language
- eng
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