- Title
- Genetic and environmental factors affecting TNF-α responses in relation to sudden infant death syndrome
- Creator
- Moscovis, Sophia M.; Gordon, Ann E.; Al Madani, Osama M.; Gleeson, Maree; Scott, Rodney J.; Hall, Sharron T.; Burns, Christine; Blackwell, Caroline
- Relation
- Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 6, Issue 27 July
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00374
- Publisher
- Frontiers Research Foundation
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2015
- Description
- Dysregulation of the inflammatory responses has been suggested to contribute to the events leading to sudden infant deaths. Our objectives were (1) to analyze a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with high levels of tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α) responses, TNF G-308A, in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) infants, SIDS and control parents, and ethnic groups with different incidences of SIDS; (2) the effects of two risk factors for SIDS, cigarette smoke and virus infection, on TNF-α responses; and (3) to assess effects of genotype, cigarette smoke, and gender on TNF-α responses to bacterial toxins identified in SIDS infants. TNF G-308A genotypes were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction for SIDS infants from Australia, Germany, and Hungary; parents of SIDS infants and their controls; and populations with high (Aboriginal Australian), medium (Caucasian), and low (Bangladeshi) SIDS incidences. Leukocytes from Caucasian donors were stimulated in vitro with endotoxin or toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1). TNF-a responses were measured by L929 bioassay (IU/ml) and assessed in relation to genotype, smoking status, and gender. There was a significantly higher proportion of the minor allele AA genotype among Australian SIDS infants (6/24, 24%) compared to 3/62 (4.8%) controls (p = 0.03). There were no significant differences in TNF-α responses by TNF G-308A genotypes when assessed in relation to smoking status or gender. Given the rarity of the TNF G-308A A allele in Caucasian populations, the finding that 24% of the Australian SIDS infants tested had this genotype requires further investigation and cautious interpretation. Although non-smokers with the AA genotype had higher TNFα responses to both TSST-1 and endotoxin, there were too few subjects with this rare allele to obtain statistically valid results. No effects of genotype, smoking, or gender were observed for TNF-α responses to these toxins.
- Subject
- Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS); TNF-α; ethnicity; cigarette smoke; SDG 3; Sustainable Development Goals
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1327105
- Identifier
- uon:25573
- Identifier
- ISSN:1664-3224
- Rights
- © 2015 Moscovis, Gordon, Al Madani, Gleeson, Scott, Hall, Burns and Blackwell. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
- Language
- eng
- Full Text
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