- Title
- Formation of PCDD/Fs in oxidation of 2-chlorophenol on neat silica surface
- Creator
- Mosallanejad, Seyedehsara; Dlugogorski, Bogdan Z.; Kennedy, Eric M.; Stockenhuber, Michael; Lomnicki, Slawomir M.; Assaf, Niveen W.; Altarawneh, Mohammednoor
- Relation
- ARC
- Relation
- Environmental Science & Technology Vol. 50, Issue 3, p. 1412-1418
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b04287
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2016
- Description
- This contribution studies partial oxidation of 2-chlorophenol on surfaces of neat silica at temperatures of 250, 350, and 400 °C; i.e., temperatures that frequently lead to catalytic formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) from their precursors. We have identified 2,6-dichlorophenol (2,6-DCPh), 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCPh), and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TriCPh), but have detected no chlorinated benzenes (CBzs). The detected chlorinated and nonchlorinated DD/Fs comprise dibenzo-p-dioxin (DD), 1- and 2-monochlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (1-, 2-MCDD), 1,6-, 1,9-, 1,3-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (1,6-, 1,9-, 1,3-DCDD), 4-monochlorodibenzofuran (4-MCDF), and 4,6-dichlorodibenzofuran (4,6-DCDF) at the reaction temperatures of 350 and 400 °C. However, at a lower reaction temperature, 250 °C, we have detected no PCDD/Fs. We have demonstrated that neat silica surfaces catalyze the generation of PCDD/Fs from chlorophenols at the upper range of the catalytic formation temperature of PCDD/F. The present finding proves the generation of PCDD/Fs on particles of fly ash, even in the absence of transition metals.
- Subject
- polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins; polychlorodibenzofurans; persistent organic pollutants; neat silica surfaces
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1321343
- Identifier
- uon:24331
- Identifier
- ISSN:0013-936X
- Language
- eng
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